Tag: COMPRESSION

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4 : 4 : 4

No compression and transports both luminescence and color data entirely

4 : 2 : 2

Half the sampling rate horizontally, but will maintain full sampling vertically.

4 : 2 : 0

Sample colors out of half the pixels on the first row and ignores the second row of the sample completely.

  • ProRes 4444 (HD)
  • DNxHD 444
  • Cineform 12-bit HD
  • Uncompressed HD 10-bit 4:4:4
  • ProRes 422 HD, UHD, HQ & LT
  • DNxHD & DNxHR
  • Cineform 10-bit HD & UHD
  • h.264 HD & UHD

What is color?

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RGB

Red, Green, Blue

This is a additive color created from light emitting pixels
Example: TV, Monitors, phones, etc
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CMYK

Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, BlacK

*Key is also used to avoid confusion with blue in RGB

This is a subtractive color created from pigments
Example: Magazines, books, comic, etc
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Computers

How does a computer see color?

Because computers are based on math all calculations are done in linear space.

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Humans

How do humans see color?

Humans tend to see more colors in a mid range. We tend to see less dark and bright colors

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Printers

How do printers see color?

Printers put color to paper via Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and blacK ink.

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Loss·y Compression

lossy compression or
irreversible compression is the class of data encoding methods that uses inexact approximations and partial data discarding to represent the content. These techniques are used to reduce data size but will also degrade the image as the original pixel data is gone

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Loss·less Compression

Lossless compression is a method of data compression in which the size of the file is reduced without sacrificing image quality. Unlike lossy compression, no data is lost when this method is used. Because the data is preserved, the technique will decompress the data and restore it exactly to its original state.

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Can be uncompressed

without data loss

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Run-length encoding (RLE) is a very simple form of lossless data compression in which runs of data are stored as a single data value and count, rather than as the original run.
This is most useful on data that contains many such runs. Consider, for example, simple graphic images such as icons, line drawings, and mostly black pixels. It is not useful with files that don’t have many runs as it could greatly increase the file size.

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CONVERT TO LOSSLESS ► ► ►

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► ► ► ALWAYS LOSSLESS ► ► ►

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NORMALLY LOSSY ► ► ►

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LOSSY EXPORT

If your client is just viewing images then lossy is ok. This allows them to view it on websites and most computers quickly.

LOSSLESS EXPORT

Client should always receive a master version that is not lossy.
Lossless will allow compressing while not losing any data.

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a : b : c
a = Pixels across are sampled (YUV)
b = Pixels across have there own chroma (U+V)
c = In row 2 that have there own chroma (U+V)

4:4:4
No compression and transports both luminescence and color data entirely

4:2:2
Half the sampling rate horizontally, but will maintain full sampling vertically.

4:2:0
Sample colors out of half the pixels on the first row and ignores the second row of the sample completely.

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